Curated Optogenetic Publication Database

Abstract: Engineered stem cells offer promise for organ regeneration but face challenges including off-target effects and limited homing. Here, we develop a novel optogenetic strategy that spatiotemporally engineers mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) for liver regeneration. Through single-cell sequencing analysis, we reveal the CXCR4/SDF1 axis as an important signaling pathway for MSC homing. By integrating the photosensitive component ultraviolet-B resistance locus 8 (UVR8) with the homing chemokine receptor CXCR4, we construct a spatiotemporal optogenetic system for MSC transfection. Upon UV irradiation, UVR8's dissociation property is activated, enabling photosensitive proteins to migrate from the endoplasmic reticulum to the golgi apparatus and subsequently release CXCR4 on the MSC membrane. To address the limited tissue penetration of UV, we incorporate upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) that convert near-infrared (NIR) light into UV. Following injection, UCNPs accumulate in the liver, where targeted NIR irradiation activates CXCR4/SDF1-mediated MSC homing. In a ConA-induced liver injury mouse model, the engineered MSCs regulate the SP1/SK1/S1P axis, thereby inhibiting necroptosis of intrahepatic macrophages. Moreover, hepatocyte proliferation is promoted via S1P/YAP signaling. In conclusion, our optogenetic strategy opens promising therapeutic avenues for the regeneration field and biomedical applications.

Abstract: Microbial biosynthesis, as an alternative method for producing quantum dots (QDs), has gained attention because it can be conducted under mild and environmentally friendly conditions, distinguishing it from conventional chemical and physical synthesis approaches. However, there is currently no method to selectively control this biosynthesis process in a subset of microbes within a population using external stimuli. In this study, we have attained precise and selective control over the microbial biosynthesis of QDs through the utilization of an optogenetically engineered Escherichia coli (E. coli). The recombinant E. coli is designed to express smCSE enzyme, under the regulation of eLightOn system, which can be activated by blue light. The smCSE enzymes use L-cysteine and Cd2+ as substrates to form CdS QDs. This system enables light-inducible bacterial biosynthesis of QDs in precise patterns within a hydrogel for information encryption. As the biosynthesis progresses, the optical characteristics of the QDs change, allowing living materials containing the recombinant E. coli to display time-dependent patterns that self-destruct after reading. Compared to static encryption using fluorescent QD inks, dynamic information encryption based on living materials offers enhanced security.