CRY2/CRY2

Photoreceptor CRY2
Binding partner /
Cofactor FAD
Source organism Arabidopsis thaliana
Mode of action homooligomerization
Excitation wavelength 450 nm
Reversion wavelength dark
Excitation time seconds
Reversion time minutes
Crystal structure of CRY2. (PDB ID: 6K8I)

CRY2/CRY2-derived switches:

Related original publications

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  1. Light-stimulated insulin secretion from pancreatic islet-like organoids derived from human pluripotent stem cells. Mol Ther, 2023
  2. Interaction between PI3K and the VDAC2 channel tethers Ras-PI3K-positive endosomes to mitochondria and promotes endosome maturation. Cell Rep, 2023
  3. Enhancing Mitochondrial Functions by Optogenetic Clustering. bioRxiv, 2022
  4. Spatiotemporal control of ERK pulse frequency coordinates fate decisions during mammary acinar morphogenesis. Dev Cell, 2022
  5. CRY-BARs: Versatile light-gated molecular tools for the remodeling of membrane architectures. J Biol Chem, 2022
  6. LITOS: a versatile LED illumination tool for optogenetic stimulation. Sci Rep, 2022
  7. Visual detection of submicroscopic protein clusters with a phase-separation-based fluorescent reporter. bioRxiv, 2022
  8. Integration of light and temperature sensing by liquid-liquid phase separation of phytochrome B. Mol Cell, 2022
  9. Optical control of protein delivery and partitioning in the nucleolus. Nucleic Acids Res, 2022
  10. The rate of information transmission through the MAPK/ERK signaling pathway stimulated in a pulsatile manner. bioRxiv, 2022
  11. Oncogenic protein condensates modulate cell signal perception and drug tolerance. bioRxiv, 2022
  12. Nucleation of the destruction complex on the centrosome accelerates degradation of β-catenin and regulates Wnt signal transmission. bioRxiv, 2022
  13. Wnt Signaling Rescues Amyloid Beta-Induced Gut Stem Cell Loss. Cells, 2022
  14. Substratum stiffness regulates Erk signaling dynamics through receptor-level control. Cell Rep, 2021
  15. Temperature-responsive optogenetic probes of cell signaling. Nat Chem Biol, 2021
  16. Stress ball morphogenesis: How the lizard builds its lung. Sci Adv, 2021
  17. Formation of nuclear condensates by the Mediator complex subunit Med15 in mammalian cells. BMC Biol, 2021
  18. Aberrant Phase Separation of FUS Leads to Lysosome Sequestering and Acidification. Front Cell Dev Biol, 2021
  19. Wnt signaling rescues amyloid beta induced stem cell loss. bioRxiv, 2021
  20. SATB1 undergoes isoform-specific phase transitions in T cells. bioRxiv, 2021
  21. A Non-Canonical Raf Function Is Required for Dorsal-Ventral Patterning During Drosophila Embryogenesis. bioRxiv, 2021
  22. An optogenetic proximity labeling approach to probe the composition of inducible biomolecular condensates in cultured cells. STAR Protoc, 2021
  23. Spatiotemporal sensitivity of mesoderm specification to FGFR signalling in the Drosophila embryo. Sci Rep, 2021
  24. TOR signaling regulates liquid phase separation of the SMN complex governing snRNP biogenesis. Cell Rep, 2021
  25. Positive feedback between the T cell kinase Zap70 and its substrate LAT acts as a clustering-dependent signaling switch. Cell Rep, 2021
  26. Collective ERK/Akt activity waves orchestrate epithelial homeostasis by driving apoptosis-induced survival. Dev Cell, 2021
  27. Robustness of epithelial sealing is an emerging property of local ERK feedback driven by cell elimination. Dev Cell, 2021
  28. Optogenetic Control of the Canonical Wnt Signaling Pathway During Xenopus laevis Embryonic Development. J Mol Biol, 2021
  29. Optogenetic-induced multimerization of the dopamine transporter increases uptake and trafficking to the plasma membrane. J Biol Chem, 2021
  30. Optogenetic Control of Non-Apoptotic Cell Death. Adv Biology, 2021
  31. Optogenetic control of calcium influx in mammalian cells. Methods Enzymol, 2021
  32. Multiple Sclerosis-Associated hnRNPA1 Mutations Alter hnRNPA1 Dynamics and Influence Stress Granule Formation. Int J Mol Sci, 2021
  33. TopBP1 assembles nuclear condensates to switch on ATR signaling. Mol Cell, 2021
  34. Liquid-liquid phase separation of light-inducible transcription factors increases transcription activation in mammalian cells and mice. Sci Adv, 2021
  35. Engineering Supramolecular Organizing Centers for Optogenetic Control of Innate Immune Responses. Adv Biol, 2020
  36. Use of Optogenetic Amyloid-β to Monitor Protein Aggregation in Drosophila melanogaster, Danio rerio and Caenorhabditis elegans. Bio Protoc, 2020
  37. Spatio-temporal Control of ERK Pulse Frequency Coordinates Fate Decisions during Mammary Acinar Morphogenesis. bioRxiv, 2020
  38. Spatiotemporal sensitivity of embryonic heart specification to FGFR signaling in Drosophila. bioRxiv, 2020
  39. β-Catenin signaling dynamics regulate cell fate in differentiating neural stem cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2020
  40. Clustering-based positive feedback between a kinase and its substrate enables effective T-cell receptor signaling. bioRxiv, 2020
  41. DMA-tudor interaction modules control the specificity of in vivo condensates. bioRxiv, 2020
  42. Novel culture system via wirelessly controllable optical stimulation of the FGF signaling pathway for human and pig pluripotency. Biomaterials, 2020
  43. Engineered Illumination Devices for Optogenetic Control of Cellular Signaling Dynamics. Cell Rep, 2020
  44. Optical Activation of TrkB Signaling. J Mol Biol, 2020
  45. Clustering of the ζ-Chain Can Initiate T Cell Receptor Signaling. Int J Mol Sci, 2020
  46. CLIC4 is a cytokinetic cleavage furrow protein that regulates cortical cytoskeleton stability during cell division. J Cell Sci, 2020
  47. Dynamic Fas signaling network regulates neural stem cell proliferation and memory enhancement. Sci Adv, 2020
  48. Application of optogenetic Amyloid-β distinguishes between metabolic and physical damage in neurodegeneration. Elife, 2020
  49. An Optogenetic Method to Study Signal Transduction in Intestinal StemCell Homeostasis. J Mol Biol, 2020
  50. Optogenetic manipulation of calcium signals in single T cells in vivo. Nat Commun, 2020
  51. Optogenetic modulation of TrkB signaling in the mouse brain. J Mol Biol, 2020
  52. Non-invasive optical control of endogenous Ca2+ channels in awake mice. Nat Commun, 2020
  53. Locally Activating TrkB Receptor Generates Actin Waves and Specifies Axonal Fate. Cell Chem Biol, 2019
  54. Optogenetic control of Wnt signaling for modeling early embryogenic patterning with human pluripotent stem cells. bioRxiv, 2019
  55. Engineering Strategy and Vector Library for the Rapid Generation of Modular Light-Controlled Protein-Protein Interactions. J Mol Biol, 2019
  56. Light-based control of metabolic flux through assembly of synthetic organelles. Nat Chem Biol, 2019
  57. Chronic optogenetic induction of stress granules is cytotoxic and reveals the evolution of ALS-FTD pathology. Elife, 2019
  58. RNA Binding Antagonizes Neurotoxic Phase Transitions of TDP-43. Neuron, 2019
  59. Continued Activity of the Pioneer Factor Zelda Is Required to Drive Zygotic Genome Activation. Mol Cell, 2019
  60. Intensiometric biosensors visualize the activity of multiple small GTPases in vivo. Nat Commun, 2019
  61. Liquid Nuclear Condensates Mechanically Sense and Restructure the Genome. Cell, 2018
  62. Optogenetic dissection of Rac1 and Cdc42 gradient shaping. Nat Commun, 2018
  63. Optical activation of TrkA signaling. ACS Synth Biol, 2018
  64. Protein Phase Separation Provides Long-Term Memory of Transient Spatial Stimuli. Cell Syst, 2018
  65. Filopodia Conduct Target Selection in Cortical Neurons Using Differences in Signal Kinetics of a Single Kinase. Neuron, 2018
  66. Coupling optogenetics and light-sheet microscopy, a method to study Wnt signaling during embryogenesis. Sci Rep, 2017
  67. Optogenetic control of focal adhesion kinase signaling. Cell Signal, 2017
  68. Understanding CRY2 interactions for optical control of intracellular signaling. Nat Commun, 2017
  69. Decoding temporal interpretation of the morphogen Bicoid in the early Drosophila embryo. Elife, 2017
  70. Optogenetic protein clustering through fluorescent protein tagging and extension of CRY2. Nat Commun, 2017
  71. Optogenetic activation of Plexin-B1 reveals contact repulsion between osteoclasts and osteoblasts. Nat Commun, 2017
  72. Spatiotemporal Control of Intracellular Phase Transitions Using Light-Activated optoDroplets. Cell, 2016
  73. Optogenetic clustering of CNK1 reveals mechanistic insights in RAF and AKT signalling controlling cell fate decisions. Sci Rep, 2016
  74. Using HEK293T Expression System to Study Photoactive Plant Cryptochromes. Front Plant Sci, 2016
  75. Optogenetic activation of axon guidance receptors controls direction of neurite outgrowth. Sci Rep, 2016
  76. Optogenetically controlled RAF to characterize BRAF and CRAF protein kinase inhibitors. Sci Rep, 2016
  77. Optogenetic control of endogenous Ca(2+) channels in vivo. Nat Biotechnol, 2015
  78. The Dual Characteristics of Light-Induced Cryptochrome 2, Homo-oligomerization and Heterodimerization, for Optogenetic Manipulation in Mammalian Cells. ACS Synth Biol, 2015
  79. Regulation of endogenous transmembrane receptors through optogenetic Cry2 clustering. Nat Commun, 2015
  80. An optimized optogenetic clustering tool for probing protein interaction and function. Nat Commun, 2014
  81. Spatiotemporal control of fibroblast growth factor receptor signals by blue light. Chem Biol, 2014
  82. Light-inducible receptor tyrosine kinases that regulate neurotrophin signalling. Nat Commun, 2014
  83. Optogenetic control of protein kinase activity in mammalian cells. ACS Synth Biol, 2013
  84. Formation of Arabidopsis Cryptochrome 2 photobodies in mammalian nuclei: application as an optogenetic DNA damage checkpoint switch. J Biol Chem, 2013
  85. Optogenetic protein clustering and signaling activation in mammalian cells. Nat Methods, 2013
  86. Optogenetic actuator - ERK biosensor circuits identify MAPK network nodes that shape ERK dynamics. Mol Syst Biol, 2022