AsLOV2

Photoreceptor AsLOV2
Binding partner /
Cofactor FMN
Source organism Avena sativa
Mode of action intramolecular conformational change
Excitation wavelength 450 nm
Reversion wavelength dark
Excitation time seconds
Reversion time tens of seconds
Crystal structure of AsLOV2, ground state. (PDB ID: 2V1A)

AsLOV2-derived switches:

Related original publications

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  1. Optogenetic manipulation of nuclear Dorsal reveals temporal requirements and consequences for transcription. Development, 2025
  2. Optogenetic tools for inducing organelle membrane rupture. J Biol Chem, 2025
  3. An improved FLARE system for recording and manipulating neuronal activity. Cell Rep Methods, 2025
  4. Spontaneous Calcium Bursts Organize the Apical Actin Cytoskeleton of Multiciliated Cells. Int J Mol Sci, 2025
  5. Crosstalk between Rac and Rap GTPases in migrating cells. bioRxiv, 2025
  6. Spatially regulated mRNA decay sharpens expression patterns in the Drosophila embryo. bioRxiv, 2025
  7. A Chemogenetic Toolkit for Inducible, Cell Type-Specific Actin Disassembly. Small Methods, 2025
  8. Light-activated tetanus neurotoxin for conditional proteolysis and inducible synaptic inhibition in vivo. bioRxiv, 2025
  9. A modular toolbox for the optogenetic deactivation of transcription. Nucleic Acids Res, 2025
  10. CD44 and Ezrin restrict EGF receptor mobility to generate a novel spatial arrangement of cytoskeletal signaling modules driving bleb-based migration. bioRxiv, 2025
  11. Optogenetics Methods and Protocols Methods Mol Biol, 2024
  12. Studying ER-membrane contact sites in plants using the optogenetic approach: Taking the LiMETER as an example. Plant J, 2024
  13. Optogenetically Induced Microtubule Acetylation Unveils the Molecular Dynamics of Actin-Microtubule Crosstalk in Directed Cell Migration. bioRxiv, 2024
  14. Optogenetic manipulation of nuclear Dorsal reveals temporal requirements and consequences for transcription. bioRxiv, 2024
  15. A Versatile Anti-CRISPR Platform for Opto- and Chemogenetic Control of CRISPR-Cas9 and Cas12 across a Wide Range of Orthologs. bioRxiv, 2024
  16. Optogenetic dissection of transcriptional repression in a multicellular organism. Nat Commun, 2024
  17. Optogenetically engineered Septin-7 enhances immune cell infiltration of tumor spheroids. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2024
  18. Cryo-ET of actin cytoskeleton and membrane structure in lamellipodia formation using optogenetics. bioRxiv, 2024
  19. Optogenetic Control of the Mitochondrial Protein Import in Mammalian Cells. Cells, 2024
  20. Structural basis for a nucleoporin exportin complex between RanBP2, SUMO1-RanGAP1, the E2 Ubc9, Crm1 and the Ran GTPase. bioRxiv, 2024
  21. Notch1 Phase Separation Coupled Percolation facilitates target gene expression and enhancer looping. Sci Rep, 2024
  22. Optogenetic tools for inducing organelle membrane rupture. bioRxiv, 2024
  23. Optogenetic inhibition of light-captured alcohol-taking striatal engrams facilitates extinction and suppresses reinstatement. Alcohol Clin Exp Res (Hoboken), 2024
  24. Multisite Assembly of Gateway Induced Clones (MAGIC): a flexible cloning toolbox with diverse applications in vertebrate model systems. bioRxiv, 2024
  25. Turn-on protein switches for controlling actin binding in cells. Nat Commun, 2024
  26. OptoLacI: optogenetically engineered lactose operon repressor LacI responsive to light instead of IPTG. Nucleic Acids Res, 2024
  27. Reversible Photoregulation of Cell-Cell Adhesions With Opto-E-cadherin. Bio Protoc, 2024
  28. Kinetic properties of optogenetic DNA editing by LiCre-loxP. bioRxiv, 2024
  29. Ultralow Background Membrane Editors for Spatiotemporal Control of Phosphatidic Acid Metabolism and Signaling ACS Cent Sci, 2024
  30. Quantitative comparison of nuclear transport inhibition by SARS coronavirus ORF6 reveals the importance of oligomerization. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2024
  31. Engineered poly(A)-surrogates for translational regulation and therapeutic biocomputation in mammalian cells. Cell Res, 2024
  32. Light inducible protein degradation in E. coli with the LOVdeg tag. Elife, 2024
  33. Rho GTPase activity crosstalk mediated by Arhgef11 and Arhgef12 coordinates cell protrusion-retraction cycles. Nat Commun, 2023
  34. Rapid characterization of anti-CRISPR proteins and optogenetically engineered variants using a versatile plasmid interference system. Nucleic Acids Res, 2023
  35. Optogenetic control of YAP reveals a dynamic communication code for stem cell fate and proliferation. Nat Commun, 2023
  36. Optogenetics for sensors: On-demand fluorescent labeling of histone epigenetics. Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 2023
  37. Reversible photoregulation of cell-cell adhesions with opto-E-cadherin. Nat Commun, 2023
  38. Photoactivatable base editors for spatiotemporally controlled genome editing in vivo. Biomaterials, 2023
  39. Cell Cycle Control by Optogenetically Regulated Cell Cycle Inhibitor Protein p21. Biology (Basel), 2023
  40. Optogenetic control of Cdc48 for dynamic metabolic engineering in yeast. Metab Eng, 2023
  41. Light-switchable transcription factors obtained by direct screening in mammalian cells. Nat Commun, 2023
  42. Engineered allostery in light-regulated LOV-Turbo enables precise spatiotemporal control of proximity labeling in living cells. Nat Methods, 2023
  43. OptIC Notch reveals mechanism that regulates receptor interactions with CSL. Development, 2023
  44. Optogenetic control of YAP can enhance the rate of wound healing. Cell Mol Biol Lett, 2023
  45. Engineering of NEMO as calcium indicators with large dynamics and high sensitivity. Nat Methods, 2023
  46. Requirements for mammalian promoters to decode transcription factor dynamics. Nucleic Acids Res, 2023
  47. Allosteric inactivation of an engineered optogenetic GTPase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2023
  48. Light inducible protein degradation in E. coli with LOVtag. bioRxiv, 2023
  49. An engineered N-acyltransferase-LOV2 domain fusion protein enables light-inducible allosteric control of enzymatic activity. J Biol Chem, 2023
  50. Engineering of bidirectional, cyanobacteriochrome-based light-inducible dimers (BICYCL)s. Nat Methods, 2023
  51. LILAC: enhanced actin imaging with an optogenetic Lifeact. Nat Methods, 2023
  52. Two Rac1 pools integrate the direction and coordination of collective cell migration. Nat Commun, 2022
  53. Analysis of Slow-Cycling Variants of the Light-Inducible Nuclear Protein Export System LEXY in Mammalian Cells. ACS Synth Biol, 2022
  54. Spatial and temporal control of expression with light-gated LOV-LexA. G3 (Bethesda), 2022
  55. Optogenetic control of RelA reveals effect of transcription factor dynamics on downstream gene expression. bioRxiv, 2022
  56. A genetically encoded photo-proximity labeling approach for mapping protein territories. bioRxiv, 2022
  57. Optogenetic control of YAP cellular localisation and function. EMBO Rep, 2022
  58. Optical control of protein delivery and partitioning in the nucleolus. Nucleic Acids Res, 2022
  59. Local temporal Rac1-GTP nadirs and peaks restrict cell protrusions and retractions. Sci Adv, 2022
  60. Optogenetic control of the Bicoid morphogen reveals fast and slow modes of gap gene regulation. Cell Rep, 2022
  61. MYC amplifies gene expression through global changes in transcription factor dynamics. Cell Rep, 2022
  62. Quantification of nuclear transport inhibition by SARS-CoV-2 ORF6 using a broadly applicable live-cell dose-response pipeline. bioRxiv, 2021
  63. Analysis of Three Architectures for Controlling PTP1B with Light. ACS Synth Biol, 2021
  64. Two-input protein logic gate for computation in living cells. Nat Commun, 2021
  65. Desensitisation of Notch signalling through dynamic adaptation in the nucleus. EMBO J, 2021
  66. Mechanical worrying drives cell migration in crowded environments. bioRxiv, 2021
  67. Extremely rapid and reversible optogenetic perturbation of nuclear proteins in living embryos. Dev Cell, 2021
  68. Mechanosensitivity of nucleocytoplasmic transport. bioRxiv, 2021
  69. Circularly permuted AsLOV2 as an optogenetic module for engineering photoswitchable peptides. Chem Commun (Camb), 2021
  70. Reliably Engineering and Controlling Stable Optogenetic Gene Circuits in Mammalian Cells. J Vis Exp, 2021
  71. O-GlcNAc modification of nuclear pore complexes accelerates bidirectional transport. J Cell Biol, 2021
  72. Engineering a Blue Light Inducible SpyTag System (BLISS). J Am Chem Soc, 2021
  73. Rab10-Positive Tubular Structures Represent a Novel Endocytic Pathway That Diverges From Canonical Macropinocytosis in RAW264 Macrophages. Front Immunol, 2021
  74. A photo-switchable yeast isocitrate dehydrogenase to control metabolic flux through the citric acid cycle. bioRxiv, 2021
  75. Light-dependent N-end rule-mediated disruption of protein function in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Drosophila melanogaster. PLoS Genet, 2021
  76. Circularly permuted LOV2 as a modular photoswitch for optogenetic engineering. Nat Chem Biol, 2021
  77. Rac1 activation can generate untemplated, lamellar membrane ruffles. BMC Biol, 2021
  78. Optogenetic control of Neisseria meningitidis Cas9 genome editing using an engineered, light-switchable anti-CRISPR protein. Nucleic Acids Res, 2021
  79. Optogenetic control of calcium influx in mammalian cells. Methods Enzymol, 2021
  80. Structural Determinants for Light-Dependent Membrane Binding of a Photoswitchable Polybasic Domain. ACS Synth Biol, 2021
  81. A single-chain and fast-responding light-inducible Cre recombinase as a novel optogenetic switch. Elife, 2021
  82. Blue Light‐Operated CRISPR/Cas13b‐Mediated mRNA Knockdown (Lockdown). Adv Biol, 2021
  83. Optogenetic Control of Myocardin‐Related Transcription Factor A Subcellular Localization and Transcriptional Activity Steers Membrane Blebbing and Invasive Cancer Cell Motility. Adv Biol, 2021
  84. Design of Smart Antibody Mimetics with Photosensitive Switches. Adv Biol (Weinh), 2021
  85. High levels of Dorsal transcription factor downregulate, not promote, snail expression by regulating enhancer action. bioRxiv, 2021
  86. Engineering of a bona fide light-operated calcium channel. Nat Commun, 2021
  87. A versatile oblique plane microscope for large-scale and high-resolution imaging of subcellular dynamics. Elife, 2020
  88. An optogenetic switch for the Set2 methyltransferase provides evidence for transcription-dependent and -independent dynamics of H3K36 methylation. Genome Res, 2020
  89. Optogenetic activation of heterotrimeric G-proteins by LOV2GIVe, a rationally engineered modular protein. Elife, 2020
  90. Optogenetic Control Reveals Differential Promoter Interpretation of Transcription Factor Nuclear Translocation Dynamics. Cell Syst, 2020
  91. Development of light-responsive protein binding in the monobody non-immunoglobulin scaffold. Nat Commun, 2020
  92. Optogenetic control of protein binding using light-switchable nanobodies. Nat Commun, 2020
  93. Photo-SNAP-tag, a Light-Regulated Chemical Labeling System. ACS Chem Biol, 2020
  94. Optogenetic Downregulation of Protein Levels to Control Programmed Cell Death in Mammalian Cells with a Dual Blue-Light Switch. Methods Mol Biol, 2020
  95. Optogenetic Control of Nucleocytoplasmic Protein Transport. Methods Mol Biol, 2020
  96. Light-Inducible CRISPR Labeling. Methods Mol Biol, 2020
  97. Long-Range Optogenetic Control of Axon Guidance Overcomes Developmental Boundaries and Defects. Dev Cell, 2020
  98. Twist-dependent ratchet functioning downstream from Dorsal revealed using a light-inducible degron. Genes Dev, 2020
  99. Combining optogenetics with sensitive FRET imaging to monitor local microtubule manipulations. Sci Rep, 2020
  100. The histone H4 basic patch regulates SAGA-mediated H2B deubiquitylation and histone acetylation. J Biol Chem, 2020
  101. Optogenetic Control for Investigating Subcellular Localization of Fyn Kinase Activity in Single Live Cells. J Mol Biol, 2020
  102. Optogenetic engineering to probe the molecular choreography of STIM1-mediated cell signaling. Nat Commun, 2020
  103. Engineering light-controllable CAR T cells for cancer immunotherapy. Sci Adv, 2020
  104. Optogenetic Rac1 engineered from membrane lipid-binding RGS-LOV for inducible lamellipodia formation. Photochem Photobiol Sci, 2020
  105. Minimally disruptive optical control of protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B. Nat Commun, 2020
  106. Optogenetic regulation of endogenous proteins. Nat Commun, 2020
  107. Golgi-associated microtubules are fast cargo tracks and required for persistent cell migration. EMBO Rep, 2020
  108. Optogenetic control of spine-head JNK reveals a role in dendritic spine regression. eNeuro, 2020
  109. Mapping the proximity interaction network of the Rho-family GTPases reveals signalling pathways and regulatory mechanisms. Nat Cell Biol, 2019
  110. Directed evolution improves the catalytic efficiency of TEV protease. Nat Methods, 2019
  111. Visualization of a blue light transmission area in living animals using light-induced nuclear translocation of fluorescent proteins. Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 2019
  112. Locally Activating TrkB Receptor Generates Actin Waves and Specifies Axonal Fate. Cell Chem Biol, 2019
  113. Chemokine Receptor CCR7 Triggers an Endomembrane Signaling Complex for Spatial Rac Activation. Cell Rep, 2019
  114. Repurposing protein degradation for optogenetic modulation of protein activities. ACS Synth Biol, 2019
  115. Optogenetic Repressors of Gene Expression in Yeasts Using Light-Controlled Nuclear Localization. CMBE, 2019
  116. FRET-assisted photoactivation of flavoproteins for in vivo two-photon optogenetics. Nat Methods, 2019
  117. Coordination of protrusion dynamics within and between collectively migrating border cells by myosin II. Mol Biol Cell, 2019
  118. Reversible photocontrol of oxidase activity by inserting a photosensitive domain into the oxidase. BIOB, 2019
  119. VIEW-MOD: a versatile illumination engine with a modular optical design for fluorescence microscopy. Opt Express, 2019
  120. Optical control of transcription - genetically encoded photoswitchable variants of T7 RNA polymerase. Chembiochem, 2019
  121. Engineering Optogenetic Control of Endogenous p53 Protein Levels. Appl Sci, 2019
  122. Engineering proteins for allosteric control by light or ligands. Nat Protoc, 2019
  123. Optogenetic downregulation of protein levels with an ultrasensitive switch. ACS Synth Biol, 2019
  124. Optogenetic manipulation of stomatal kinetics improves carbon assimilation, water use, and growth. Science, 2019
  125. A yeast system for discovering optogenetic inhibitors of eukaryotic translation initiation. ACS Synth Biol, 2019
  126. Optogenetic control of cell morphogenesis on protein micropatterns. bioRxiv, 2019
  127. Optogenetic Navigation of Routes Leading to Protein Amyloidogenesis in Bacteria. J Mol Biol, 2019
  128. Photo‐ECM: A Blue Light Photoswitchable Synthetic Extracellular Matrix Protein for Reversible Control over Cell–Matrix Adhesion. Adv Biosyst, 2019
  129. Smallest near-infrared fluorescent protein evolved from cyanobacteriochrome as versatile tag for spectral multiplexing. Nat Commun, 2019
  130. Engineering Improved Photoswitches for the Control of Nucleocytoplasmic Distribution. ACS Synth Biol, 2018
  131. Integrating chemical and mechanical signals through dynamic coupling between cellular protrusions and pulsed ERK activation. Nat Commun, 2018
  132. Engineered anti-CRISPR proteins for optogenetic control of CRISPR-Cas9. Nat Methods, 2018
  133. A light-gated potassium channel for sustained neuronal inhibition. Nat Methods, 2018
  134. Optogenetic manipulation of intracellular calcium by BACCS promotes differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 2018
  135. Cyclic Stiffness Modulation of Cell‐Laden Protein–Polymer Hydrogels in Response to User‐Specified Stimuli Including Light. Adv Biosyst, 2018
  136. Dual-controlled optogenetic system for the rapid down-regulation of protein levels in mammalian cells. Sci Rep, 2018
  137. Fam49/CYRI interacts with Rac1 and locally suppresses protrusions. Nat Cell Biol, 2018
  138. Discovering selective binders for photoswitchable proteins using phage display. ACS Synth Biol, 2018
  139. Near-infrared light-controlled systems for gene transcription regulation, protein targeting and spectral multiplexing. Nat Protoc, 2018
  140. A Rac1-FMNL2 signaling module affects cell-cell contact formation independent of Cdc42 and membrane protrusions. PLoS ONE, 2018
  141. Rewiring Calcium Signaling for Precise Transcriptional Reprogramming. ACS Synth Biol, 2018
  142. Near-infrared light-controlled gene expression and protein targeting in neurons and non-neuronal cells. Chembiochem, 2018
  143. Time-gated detection of protein-protein interactions with transcriptional readout. Elife, 2017
  144. Engineering a light-activated caspase-3 for precise ablation of neurons in vivo. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 2017
  145. An engineered photoswitchable mammalian pyruvate kinase. FEBS J, 2017
  146. A calcium- and light-gated switch to induce gene expression in activated neurons. Nat Biotechnol, 2017
  147. A light- and calcium-gated transcription factor for imaging and manipulating activated neurons. Nat Biotechnol, 2017
  148. Rac1 switching at the right time and location is essential for Fcγ receptor-mediated phagosome formation. J Cell Sci, 2017
  149. Optical control of membrane tethering and interorganellar communication at nanoscales. Chem Sci, 2017
  150. A simple optogenetic MAPK inhibitor design reveals resonance between transcription-regulating circuitry and temporally-encoded inputs. Nat Commun, 2017
  151. Light-induced protein degradation in human-derived cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 2017
  152. Near-infrared optogenetic pair for protein regulation and spectral multiplexing. Nat Chem Biol, 2017
  153. Kinetics of Endogenous CaMKII Required for Synaptic Plasticity Revealed by Optogenetic Kinase Inhibitor. Neuron, 2017
  154. Investigations of human myosin VI targeting using optogenetically controlled cargo loading. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 2017
  155. Engineering extrinsic disorder to control protein activity in living cells. Science, 2016
  156. Optogenetic Control of Nuclear Protein Import in Living Cells Using Light-Inducible Nuclear Localization Signals (LINuS). Curr Protoc Chem Biol, 2016
  157. Light-induced nuclear export reveals rapid dynamics of epigenetic modifications. Nat Chem Biol, 2016
  158. Post-translational control of protein function with light using a LOV-intein fusion protein. Mol Biosyst, 2016
  159. Optogenetic control of nuclear protein export. Nat Commun, 2016
  160. Regulation of neural gene transcription by optogenetic inhibition of the RE1-silencing transcription factor. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 2015
  161. Near-infrared photoactivatable control of Ca(2+) signaling and optogenetic immunomodulation. Elife, 2015
  162. Photocontrolled Exposure of Pro-apoptotic Peptide Sequences in LOV Proteins Modulates Bcl-2 Family Interactions. Chembiochem, 2015
  163. Optical Control of Peroxisomal Trafficking. ACS Synth Biol, 2015
  164. Optogenetic control of endogenous Ca(2+) channels in vivo. Nat Biotechnol, 2015
  165. Labelling and optical erasure of synaptic memory traces in the motor cortex. Nature, 2015
  166. An Engineered Split Intein for Photoactivated Protein Trans-Splicing. PLoS ONE, 2015
  167. Light generation of intracellular Ca(2+) signals by a genetically encoded protein BACCS. Nat Commun, 2015
  168. Control of Protein Activity and Cell Fate Specification via Light-Mediated Nuclear Translocation. PLoS ONE, 2015
  169. Junctional actin assembly is mediated by Formin-like 2 downstream of Rac1. J Cell Biol, 2015
  170. Optogenetics. Engineering of a light-gated potassium channel. Science, 2015
  171. An optogenetic upgrade for the Tet-OFF system. Biotechnol Bioeng, 2015
  172. Engineering an improved light-induced dimer (iLID) for controlling the localization and activity of signaling proteins. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 2014
  173. Structural details of light activation of the LOV2-based photoswitch PA-Rac1. ACS Chem Biol, 2014
  174. Remote control of myosin and kinesin motors using light-activated gearshifting. Nat Nanotechnol, 2014
  175. Engineering light-inducible nuclear localization signals for precise spatiotemporal control of protein dynamics in living cells. Nat Commun, 2014
  176. Manipulation of endogenous kinase activity in living cells using photoswitchable inhibitory peptides. ACS Synth Biol, 2014
  177. Rac1-dependent lamellipodial motility in prostate cancer PC-3 cells revealed by optogenetic control of Rac1 activity. PLoS ONE, 2014
  178. Optical control of the Ca2+ concentration in a live specimen with a genetically encoded Ca2+-releasing molecular tool. ACS Chem Biol, 2014
  179. A fully genetically encoded protein architecture for optical control of peptide ligand concentration. Nat Commun, 2014
  180. General method for regulating protein stability with light. ACS Chem Biol, 2013
  181. RasGRF2 Rac-GEF activity couples NMDA receptor calcium flux to enhanced synaptic transmission. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 2013
  182. An optogenetic tool for the activation of endogenous diaphanous-related formins induces thickening of stress fibers without an increase in contractility. Cytoskeleton (Hoboken), 2013
  183. Nuclear actin network assembly by formins regulates the SRF coactivator MAL. Science, 2013
  184. Light activated cell migration in synthetic extracellular matrices. Biomaterials, 2012
  185. Controlling the DNA cleavage activity of light-inducible chimeric endonucleases by bidirectional photoactivation. Bioconjug Chem, 2012
  186. Designing photoswitchable peptides using the AsLOV2 domain. Chem Biol, 2012
  187. Engineering a photoactivated caspase-7 for rapid induction of apoptosis. ACS Synth Biol, 2011
  188. A synthetic photoactivated protein to generate local or global Ca(2+) signals. Chem Biol, 2011
  189. Rationally improving LOV domain-based photoswitches. Nat Methods, 2010
  190. Light-mediated activation reveals a key role for Rac in collective guidance of cell movement in vivo. Nat Cell Biol, 2010
  191. A genetically encoded photoactivatable Rac controls the motility of living cells. Nature, 2009
  192. Surface sites for engineering allosteric control in proteins. Science, 2008
  193. Light-activated DNA binding in a designed allosteric protein. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 2008
  194. Rac1 is essential in cocaine-induced structural plasticity of nucleus accumbens neurons. Nat Neurosci, 2012
  195. LOV2-Controlled Photoactivation of Protein Trans-Splicing. Methods Mol Biol, 2017
  196. SPARK: A Transcriptional Assay for Recording Protein-Protein Interactions in a Defined Time Window. Curr Protoc, 2021